Clinical significance refers to the practical importance or relevance of the findings of a research study in a real-world clinical setting. It considers the impact that the results of a study may have on patient care, treatment decisions, and outcomes. Clinical significance takes into account factors such as the magnitude of the effect observed, the potential benefits or harms of a particular intervention, and the likelihood that the findings can be generalized to a broader population. Researchers and healthcare professionals use measures of clinical significance to determine the practical implications of their research and to guide decision-making in clinical practice.